Shortcomings in Port Machinery Lubrication Management and Countermeasures

As the material foundation of modern port production, the management level of port machinery and equipment has a direct impact on the economic efficiency and competitiveness of port enterprises. Lubrication management is a key link in the management of port machinery and equipment, and it is also the main measure to ensure the normal operation of port machinery and equipment during its service life. At present, there are still some deficiencies in the management of port machinery and equipment lubrication, which has a greater impact on the development of port machinery operations. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore the measures of port machinery and equipment lubrication management.

1.Deficiencies in the management of port machinery and equipment lubrication

1.1 Lubricating oil problem

At this stage, in the process of port machinery and equipment lubrication management, individual lubrication managers still have a certain misunderstanding about the role of lubricating oil at the ideological level, that is, the purpose of lubrication is to speed up the operation of the equipment, and the effect of oil with high viscosity is far superior. Motor oil with low viscosity. In addition, the variety of lubricating oils makes it impossible to select lubricating oil correctly, which affects the lubrication effect.

1.2 Usage issues

Most port machinery and equipment lubrication managers lack the awareness of scientifically using lubricating grease. Not only do they fail to carry out scientific refueling based on the actual operating conditions of the machinery and equipment, they also fail to implement the requirements of the mechanical equipment manual for lubricating grease filling methods, oil performance, and dosage, and even Indiscriminate violation of the use of taboos, resulting in poor lubrication effect.

1.3 Waste phenomenon

At present, in the lubrication management process of port machinery and equipment, affected by the idea of ​​”more oil and less shaft”, most lubrication managers still believe that the more lubricating oil is added, the more full the better. However, an excessive amount of lubricating oil not only causes premature deterioration of the grease, but also increases power consumption and energy waste.

1.4 Low efficiency

At present, there are a large number of old equipment in port machinery and equipment. Compared with new equipment, old equipment has the characteristics of poor operating environment, poor lubrication, and many parts that need to be lubricated. However, in the current lubrication management, individual ports still use manual manual oil guns to refill grease, and personnel need to “climb up and down” before they can enter the machine to perform lubrication tasks. This not only poses a greater safety hazard, but also has higher work efficiency. Low.

2.Countermeasures for port machinery and equipment lubrication management

2.1 Selected lubricants

Practical experience shows that in lubrication management, it is feasible to appropriately reduce the viscosity grade of the oil used. Although under other conditions unchanged, the thickness of the oil film formed by the high-viscosity lubricating oil on the surfaces of the two friction pairs is greater than that of the low-viscosity lubricating oil on the surfaces of the two friction pairs, but it will be larger. Friction loss.
Therefore, in the case of sufficient oil film thickness, low-viscosity oil can be preferentially selected to achieve the purpose of fuel saving, consumption reduction, friction reduction, loss reduction, and strong lubrication. At the same time, in order to promote the best degree of lubrication of the equipment, the lubrication manager can also start with the type and amount of additives contained in the lubricating oil, and prescribe the right medicine to ensure the lubrication effect. When configuring lubricating oil for port machinery and equipment, it is taken into account that some manufacturers do not add instructions for the use of lubricating oil in the manual for port machinery and equipment. At this time, the lubrication manager needs to collect the lubrication management records of the initial equipment of the equipment, compile a lubrication data card, and select the appropriate type of lubricating oil according to the content of the data card.
It should be noted that different types of additives are added to modern lubricating oils for the purpose of improving performance. Internal combustion engine oils added with detergent and dispersant will turn black or darken the bearing surface after using for a period of time. This should be avoided. It is determined that the oil is deteriorated and easy to replace, but the oil is subjected to precise testing and testing, and the policy of selecting oil according to quality and changing oil according to quality is implemented.

2.2 Scientific use

For the two friction pairs in direct contact with the relative motion of port machinery and equipment, adding a substance with lubricating properties between the two and urging them to maintain a certain thickness of oil film can isolate the two friction pairs to reduce wear , Reduce the effect of friction, sealing, and cooling, thereby extending the operating life of the equipment and improving the productivity of the equipment. In order to give full play to the effect of lubrication management, lubrication managers should pay attention to the scientific use of lubricating oil. Fill in strictly according to regulations to avoid overdose. For example, for the hub of port loading and unloading machinery, the hollow hub lubrication method can be preferred, that is, while the hub bearing is evenly coated with grease, a thin layer of grease is applied to the inner cavity of the hub to remove rust. Compared with full-hub lubrication, hollow-hub lubrication can not only ensure the full application of grease, but also avoid the increase of friction due to excessive grease, or the brake failure accident caused by the penetration of grease into the brake device.
If conditions permit, the mechanical equipment lubrication manager can use computer technology to formulate equipment scientific management rules based on the existing mechanical equipment models. In the way of consumption quota management, the lubricant replacement, filling and testing standards of different types of equipment are refined, and more accurate oil marks are set to avoid the loss of control of lubrication management caused by improper operation of personnel.

2.3 Dynamic management

For the current stage of port machinery and equipment, its dynamic management involves multiple dimensions of warehouse entry and exit, monitoring and supervision.
On the one hand, in the lubricating oil storage management stage, in view of the large number of lubricating greases on the market and the different quality, managers should take the initiative to learn more about lubricating oil. Check the factory-qualified labels, shelf life, and date of delivery of lubricating oil products one by one, and strictly control the entry of lubricating oil. In the lubricating oil delivery management stage, the lubrication manager should check the oil quality grade, brand name, quantity, and serial number one by one, investigate the lubrication of existing machinery and equipment from time to time, and accumulate experience in lubrication management.
On the other hand, in the process of port machinery and equipment lubrication management, managers should establish dynamic management thinking. That is, the oil sample passes a certain period of working cycle in the equipment, and when the temperature of the lubricating oil reaches normal, it is sampled through the sampling valve. If it is not possible to sample through the sampling valve, you can use a pipe or oil gun to reach a position above 30.00mm and below 50.00mm below the oil level of the oil pan to draw the oil sample. After the oil sample is collected, the chemical inspection of the moisture content, viscosity and other items will be carried out as soon as possible, and the next management plan and the adjustment direction of the existing management plan will be determined according to the inspection results, so as to realize the dynamic control of the whole process and ensure the effect of lubrication management. For example, when the lubricating oil meets the scrapping standard, the lubricating oil should be replaced as soon as possible; when the lubricating oil is approaching the scrapping standard, the inspection cycle can be encrypted, and the operation status of the corresponding machinery and equipment can be checked to discover potential risks and avoid security crises. .

2.4 Improved lubricating oil device

Port machinery and equipment are mostly in long-distance, long-term, and high-intensity operations, and the degree of fatigue is relatively large. Only when the lubricating oil device is effectively used can the lubricating equipment enter a state of instantaneous paralysis. In order to avoid many problems caused by manual refueling, lubrication managers can use the concept of centralized lubrication instead of the concept of decentralized lubrication. Under the guidance of the centralized lubrication concept, the lubrication system is upgraded, and continuous monitoring equipment is used to continuously monitor the performance of the upgraded lubrication device. With the application of temperature sensors and pressure sensors, it can be the first time the lubricating device exhibits improper performance Take measures to ensure the lubrication effect.
In the process of improving the lubricating oil device, with the help of the large-scale, modern, and complicated development opportunities of port machinery, the port machinery and equipment lubrication manager can improve a set of automatic lubrication devices that conform to the actual development. For example, based on the application of filter paper + oil quick tester + manual filling, with “pre-control lubrication” as the core, a set of terminals including electric lubrication pumps, distributors, pump units, electric controllers, pipeline joints and other components are adopted. Centralized lubrication system. That is, the solenoid valve is used as the oil supply element, and each lubrication point is equipped with a flow test instrument. By controlling the opening time of the solenoid valve, the full automatic control of the oil supply is realized. At the same time, use the flow test instrument of each lubrication point to judge whether the mechanical equipment is malfunctioning in time.
The improved lubricating oil device can not only realize centralized lubrication of equipment with more lubrication parts, but also can flexibly control the amount of lubrication and implement the lean lubrication policy.

3.Conclusion

In summary, the lubrication management of port machinery and equipment is mainly faced with problems such as insufficient lubricants, improper use, frequent waste, and low device efficiency. It is related to the wide variety of lubricants, the complex structure of the lubricant device, and the lubrication conditions. It’s not unimportant to change a lot. Therefore, lubrication management of port machinery and equipment carefully selects lubricants, avoids unchanging oil selection based on the oil grade specified in the equipment manual, appropriately reduces the grade viscosity of the oil, and establishes a dynamic management mechanism. At the same time, optimize and improve the lubricating oil device as needed to ensure the lubrication management effect of port machinery and equipment.

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